Архив рубрики: техноблог

Внезапно — в Ubuntu 16 корявый пакет fail2ban (10.2), которому не доложили конфигов! Поэтому ключевое:

Что я делал дальше:

1. Убедился что у меня есть штатный конфиг «/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf», полученный копированием «jail.conf.dpkg-dist» с последующим вырезанием секции с тюрьмами (для них у меня «/jail.d/» есть и незачем их смешивать)
   /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf

    

   1. #
   2. # WARNING: heavily refactored in 0.9.0 release. Please review and
   3. # customize settings for your setup.
   4. #
   5. # Changes: in most of the cases you should not modify this
   6. # file, but provide customizations in jail.local file,
   7. # or separate .conf files under jail.d/ directory, e.g.:
   8. #
   9. # HOW TO ACTIVATE JAILS:
   10. #
   11. # YOU SHOULD NOT MODIFY THIS FILE.
   12. #
   13. # It will probably be overwritten or improved in a distribution update.
   14. #
   15. # Provide customizations in a jail.local file or a jail.d/customisation.local.
   16. # For example to change the default bantime for all jails and to enable the
   17. # ssh-iptables jail the following (uncommented) would appear in the .local file.
   18. # See man 5 jail.conf for details.
   19. #
   20. # [DEFAULT]
   21. # bantime = 1h
   22. #
   23. # [sshd]
   24. # enabled = true
   25. #
   26. # See jail.conf(5) man page for more information
   27. # Comments: use '#' for comment lines and ';' (following a space) for inline comments
   28. [INCLUDES]
   29. #before = paths-distro.conf
   30. before = paths-debian.conf
   31. # The DEFAULT allows a global definition of the options. They can be overridden
   32. # in each jail afterwards.
   33. [DEFAULT]
   34. #
   35. # MISCELLANEOUS OPTIONS
   36. #
   37. # "ignorself" specifies whether the local resp. own IP addresses should be ignored
   38. # (default is true). Fail2ban will not ban a host which matches such addresses.
   39. #ignorself = true
   40. # "ignoreip" can be a list of IP addresses, CIDR masks or DNS hosts. Fail2ban
   41. # will not ban a host which matches an address in this list. Several addresses
   42. # can be defined using space (and/or comma) separator.
   43. #ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1
   44. # External command that will take an tagged arguments to ignore, e.g. <ip>,
   45. # and return true if the IP is to be ignored. False otherwise.
   46. #
   47. # ignorecommand = /path/to/command <ip>
   48. ignorecommand =
   49. # "bantime" is the number of seconds that a host is banned.
   50. bantime = 10m
   51. # A host is banned if it has generated "maxretry" during the last "findtime"
   52. # seconds.
   53. findtime = 10m
   54. # "maxretry" is the number of failures before a host get banned.
   55. maxretry = 5
   56. # "backend" specifies the backend used to get files modification.
   57. # Available options are "pyinotify", "gamin", "polling", "systemd" and "auto".
   58. # This option can be overridden in each jail as well.
   59. #
   60. # pyinotify: requires pyinotify (a file alteration monitor) to be installed.
   61. # If pyinotify is not installed, Fail2ban will use auto.
   62. # gamin: requires Gamin (a file alteration monitor) to be installed.
   63. # If Gamin is not installed, Fail2ban will use auto.
   64. # polling: uses a polling algorithm which does not require external libraries.
   65. # systemd: uses systemd python library to access the systemd journal.
   66. # Specifying "logpath" is not valid for this backend.
   67. # See "journalmatch" in the jails associated filter config
   68. # auto: will try to use the following backends, in order:
   69. # pyinotify, gamin, polling.
   70. #
   71. # Note: if systemd backend is chosen as the default but you enable a jail
   72. # for which logs are present only in its own log files, specify some other
   73. # backend for that jail (e.g. polling) and provide empty value for
   74. # journalmatch. See https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues/959#issuecomment-74901200
   75. backend = auto
   76. # "usedns" specifies if jails should trust hostnames in logs,
   77. # warn when DNS lookups are performed, or ignore all hostnames in logs
   78. #
   79. # yes: if a hostname is encountered, a DNS lookup will be performed.
   80. # warn: if a hostname is encountered, a DNS lookup will be performed,
   81. # but it will be logged as a warning.
   82. # no: if a hostname is encountered, will not be used for banning,
   83. # but it will be logged as info.
   84. # raw: use raw value (no hostname), allow use it for no-host filters/actions (example user)
   85. usedns = warn
   86. # "logencoding" specifies the encoding of the log files handled by the jail
   87. # This is used to decode the lines from the log file.
   88. # Typical examples: "ascii", "utf-8"
   89. #
   90. # auto: will use the system locale setting
   91. logencoding = auto
   92. # "enabled" enables the jails.
   93. # By default all jails are disabled, and it should stay this way.
   94. # Enable only relevant to your setup jails in your .local or jail.d/*.conf
   95. #
   96. # true: jail will be enabled and log files will get monitored for changes
   97. # false: jail is not enabled
   98. enabled = false
   99. # "mode" defines the mode of the filter (see corresponding filter implementation for more info).
   100. mode = normal
   101. # "filter" defines the filter to use by the jail.
   102. # By default jails have names matching their filter name
   103. #
   104. filter = %(__name__)s[mode=%(mode)s]
   105. #
   106. # ACTIONS
   107. #
   108. # Some options used for actions
   109. # Destination email address used solely for the interpolations in
   110. # jail.{conf,local,d/*} configuration files.
   111. destemail = root@localhost
   112. # Sender email address used solely for some actions
   113. sender = root@<fq-hostname>
   114. # E-mail action. Since 0.8.1 Fail2Ban uses sendmail MTA for the
   115. # mailing. Change mta configuration parameter to mail if you want to
   116. # revert to conventional 'mail'.
   117. mta = sendmail
   118. # Default protocol
   119. protocol = tcp
   120. # Specify chain where jumps would need to be added in ban-actions expecting parameter chain
   121. chain = <known/chain>
   122. # Ports to be banned
   123. # Usually should be overridden in a particular jail
   124. port = 0:65535
   125. # Format of user-agent https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-5.5.3
   126. fail2ban_agent = Fail2Ban/%(fail2ban_version)s
   127. #
   128. # Action shortcuts. To be used to define action parameter
   129. # Default banning action (e.g. iptables, iptables-new,
   130. # iptables-multiport, shorewall, etc) It is used to define
   131. # action_* variables. Can be overridden globally or per
   132. # section within jail.local file
   133. banaction = nftables-multiport
   134. banaction_allports = nftables-allports
   135. # The simplest action to take: ban only
   136. action_ = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, bantime="%(bantime)s", port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
   137. # ban & send an e-mail with whois report to the destemail.
   138. action_mw = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, bantime="%(bantime)s", port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
   139. %(mta)s-whois[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
   140. # ban & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
   141. # to the destemail.
   142. action_mwl = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, bantime="%(bantime)s", port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
   143. %(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath=%(logpath)s, chain="%(chain)s"]
   144. # See the IMPORTANT note in action.d/xarf-login-attack for when to use this action
   145. #
   146. # ban & send a xarf e-mail to abuse contact of IP address and include relevant log lines
   147. # to the destemail.
   148. action_xarf = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, bantime="%(bantime)s", port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
   149. xarf-login-attack[service=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", logpath=%(logpath)s, port="%(port)s"]
   150. # ban IP on CloudFlare & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
   151. # to the destemail.
   152. action_cf_mwl = cloudflare[cfuser="%(cfemail)s", cftoken="%(cfapikey)s"]
   153. %(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath=%(logpath)s, chain="%(chain)s"]
   154. # Report block via blocklist.de fail2ban reporting service API
   155. #
   156. # See the IMPORTANT note in action.d/blocklist_de.conf for when to use this action.
   157. # Specify expected parameters in file action.d/blocklist_de.local or if the interpolation
   158. # `action_blocklist_de` used for the action, set value of `blocklist_de_apikey`
   159. # in your `jail.local` globally (section [DEFAULT]) or per specific jail section (resp. in
   160. # corresponding jail.d/my-jail.local file).
   161. #
   162. action_blocklist_de = blocklist_de[email="%(sender)s", service=%(filter)s, apikey="%(blocklist_de_apikey)s", agent="%(fail2ban_agent)s"]
   163. # Report ban via badips.com, and use as blacklist
   164. #
   165. # See BadIPsAction docstring in config/action.d/badips.py for
   166. # documentation for this action.
   167. #
   168. # NOTE: This action relies on banaction being present on start and therefore
   169. # should be last action defined for a jail.
   170. #
   171. action_badips = badips.py[category="%(__name__)s", banaction="%(banaction)s", agent="%(fail2ban_agent)s"]
   172. #
   173. # Report ban via badips.com (uses action.d/badips.conf for reporting only)
   174. #
   175. action_badips_report = badips[category="%(__name__)s", agent="%(fail2ban_agent)s"]
   176. # Report ban via abuseipdb.com.
   177. #
   178. # See action.d/abuseipdb.conf for usage example and details.
   179. #
   180. action_abuseipdb = abuseipdb
   181. # Choose default action. To change, just override value of 'action' with the
   182. # interpolation to the chosen action shortcut (e.g. action_mw, action_mwl, etc) in jail.local
   183. # globally (section [DEFAULT]) or per specific section
   184. action = %(action_)s
2. Создал файл «/etc/fail2ban/jail.local», который читается после «/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf» и служит для переопределения параметров
   /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

    

   1. [DEFAULT]
   2. banaction = nftables-multiport
   3. banaction_allports = nftables-allports

Все! В инете есть еще варианты назначить конкретную таблицу для правил f2b, но вот с такой конфигурацией он и сам прекрасно добавляет таблицу имени себя:

Единственное что имеет смысл, создать файлик /etc/fail2ban/action.d/nftables-common.local:

Он также будет читаться как конфиг nftables и заставит дропать, а не реджектить пакеты с заблокированных айпишников.

И на эту дичь было убито 4 часа -_-